Everything on Drug Patents, in one website, by DR ANTHONY CRASTO « New Drug Approvals

Everything on Drug Patents, in one website, by DR ANTHONY CRASTO « New Drug Approvals:

'via Blog this'

Positive Review For Gilead’s Hep C Drug Sofosbuvir « New Drug Approvals

Positive Review For Gilead’s Hep C Drug Sofosbuvir « New Drug Approvals:

'via Blog this'

Eli Lilly’s Profit Slides, Gets Priority Review for Ramucirumab « New Drug Approvals

Eli Lilly’s Profit Slides, Gets Priority Review for Ramucirumab « New Drug Approvals:

'via Blog this'

Why Antibody Lots Differ Significantly

Since antibodies first attained prominence as research reagents in modern biological science labs, researchers have been perplexed as to why one production lot can differ significantly from the next, in terms of performance. Poor antibody performance has caused the loss of countless hours of research, to say nothing of the mental anguish of the researchers themselves. An antigen is a substance that stimulates the production of antibodies.

 http://www.dddmag.com/news/2013/10/why-antibody-lots-differ-significantly?et_cid=3555713&et_rid=523035093&type=cta
fig is Schematic representation of pure and contaminated antibodies carrying histones or histones complexed with DNA. (Source: Biochemistry and Cell Biology)

RIOCIQUAT

October 8, 2013 — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Adempas (riociguat) to treat adults with two forms of pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension is caused by abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. It makes the right side of the heart work harder than normal. In its various forms, pulmonary hypertension is a chronic, progressive, debilitating disease, often leading to death or need for lung transplantation

read all at

http://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-adempas-pulmonary-hypertension-3927.html

In the area of pulmonary hypertension Adempas (Riociguat) is the first member of a novel class of compounds – so-called ‘soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators’ – being investigated as a new and specific approach to treating different types of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Adempas has the potential to overcome a number of limitations of currently approved treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and addresses the unmet medical need in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). It was approved for the treatment of CTEPH in Canada in September 2013, making it the world’s first drug approved in this deadly disease.
Riociguat has already shown promise as a potential treatment option beyond these two PH indications. An early clinical study was conducted in PH-ILD (interstitial lung disease), a disease characterized by lung tissue scarring (fibrosis) or lung inflammation which can lead to pulmonary hypertension, and, based on positive data, the decision was taken to initiate Phase IIb studies in PH-IIP (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), a subgroup of PH-ILD. Moreover, scientific evidence was demonstrated in preclinical models that the activity may even go beyond vascular relaxation. To prove the hypothesis Bayer is initiating clinical studies in the indication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), an orphan chronic autoimmune disease of the connective tissue affecting several organs and associated with high morbidity and mortality. If successful, Riociguat has the potential to become the first approved treatment for this devastating disease.

synthesis

Generic Name: Riociguat
Trade Name: Adempas
Synonym: BAY 63-2521
CAS number: 625115-55-1
Chemical Name: Methyl N-[4,6-Diamino-2-[1-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl]-5-pyrimidinyl]-N-methyl-carbaminate
Mechanism of Action: soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) stimulator
Date of Approval: October 8, 2013(US)
Indication: Pulmonary Hypertension
Company: Bayer AG

1)J. Mittendorf.; S. Weigand.; C. Alonso-Alija.; E. Bischoff.; A. Feurer.; M. Gerisch.; A. Kern.; A. Knorr.; D. Lang.; K. Muenter.; M. Radtke.; H. Schirok.; K.-H. Schlemmer.; E. Stahl.; A. Straub.; F. Wunder.; J.-P. Stasch. Discovery of Riociguat (BAY 63-2521): A Potent, Oral Stimulator of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension, ChemMedChem. 2009, 4, 853-865.
2)Cristina Alonso-Alija, Bayer Ag, Erwin Bischoff, Achim Feurer, Klaus Muenter, Elke Stahl, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Stefan Weigand, Carbamate-substituted pyrazolopyridines, WO2003095451 A1
3)Franz-Josef Mais, Joachim Rehse, Winfried Joentgen, Konrad SIEGEL, Process for preparing methyl methylcarbamate and its purification for use as pharmaceutically active compound,US20110130410
4)Claudia Hirth-Dietrich, Peter Sandner, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Andreas Knorr, Degenfeld Georges Von, Michael Hahn, Markus Follmann, The use of sGC stimulators, sGC activators, alone and combinations with PDE5 inhibitors for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc), WO 2011147810A1
5)Li Liang, Li Xing-zhou, Liu Ya-dan, Zheng Zhi-bing, Li Song, Synthesis of riociguat in treatment of pulmonary hypertension, Chinese Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(Zhongguo Yaowu Huaxue Zazhi), 21(2),120-125; 2011

Jens Ackerstaff, Lars BÄRFACKER, Markus Follmann, Nils Griebenow, Andreas Knorr, Volkhart Min-Jian Li, Gorden Redlich, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Stefan Weigand, Frank Wunder, Bicyclic aza heterocycles, and use thereof, WO2012028647 A1
2)Claudia Hirth-Dietrich, Peter Sandner, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Andreas Knorr, Degenfeld Georges Von, Michael Hahn, Markus Follmann, The use of sGC stimulators, sGC activators, alone and combinations with PDE5 inhibitors for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc), WO 2011147810A1

Jin Li, Xiaoyu Yang, Jingwei ZHU, Minmin Yang, Xihan Wu, Method for synthesizing 1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1H -pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin -3-formamidine hydrochloride, WO2013086935 A1

veerareddy Arava, Surendrareddy Gogireddy, An expeditious synthesis of riociguat,  A pulmonary hypertension drug, Der Pharma Chemica, 2013, 5(4):232-239

cut paste from my earlier post

RIOCIQUAT

CAS NO 625115-55-1

Methyl N-[4,6-Diamino-2-[1-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl]-5-pyrimidinyl]-N-methyl-carbaminate

9 APRIL2013

Bayer has been boosted by the news that regulators in the USA are fast-tracking the German group’s investigational pulmonary arterial hypertension riociguat.

The US Food and Drug Administration has granted priority review to the New Drug Application for riociguat, which Bayer filed in February on both sides of the Atlantic for PAH and a related condition, inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The FDA bestows a priority review on medicines that offer major advances in care or that provide a treatment where no adequate therapy exists. The agency aims to complete its assessment within eight months from the submission of the NDA, rather than the standard 12 months.

Riociguat (BAY 63-2521) is a novel drug that is currently in clinical development by Bayer. It is a stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). At the moment Phase III clinical trialsinvestigate the use of riociguat as a new approach to treat two forms of pulmonary hypertension (PH): chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) andpulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Riociguat constitutes the first drug of a novel class of sGC stimulators

The submissions are based on two Phase III studies and riociguat, the first member of a novel class of compounds called stimulators of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), met its primary endpoint in both trials, a change in exercise capacity after 12- or 16 weeks respectively. The drug was generally well tolerated, with a good safety profile.

Kemal Malik, head of global development at Bayer Healthcare, noted that “to date, no approved pharmacological therapy exists for CTEPH and as a result there is an urgent unmet medical need for patients who are unable to undergo surgery. We hope that we will soon be in a position to provide patients and doctors with a new treatment option”.

If approved, riociguat would be going up against Actelion’s Tracleer (bosentan) and Gilead Sciences/GlaxoSmithKline’s Letairis/Volibris (ambrisentan). Actelion, which has dominated the PAH market, has already filed its follow-up to Tracleer, Opsumit (macitentan).

Links

www.bayer.com

Macitentan

MACITENTAN

N-[5-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]ethoxy]-4-pyrimidinyl]-N’-propylsulfamide,

CAS NO  441798-33-0

Macitentan (Opsumit® )is a novel dual endothelin receptor antagonist that resulted from a tailored drug discovery process. Macitentan has a number of potentially key beneficial characteristics – i.e., increased in vivo preclinical efficacy vs. existing ERAs resulting from sustained receptor binding and tissue penetration properties. A clinical pharmacology program indicated a low propensity of macitentan for drug-drug interactions.

Macitentan is an investigational drug being studied for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. It acts as a dualendothelin receptor antagonist and is being developed by Actelion.[1] A Phase III clinical trial was successfully completed in 2012.[2]

on 22 October 2012 - Actelion (SIX: ATLN) announced that it has submitted a New Drug Application (NDA) to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) seeking approval for macitentan (Opsumit®) for the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Actelion’s experimental lung drug macitentan prolonged overall survival by more than a third according to detailed study data, which the company hopes will convince investors it has a viable follow-up product to secure its commercial future.

Europe’s largest standalone biotech company wants the drug, which treats pulmonary arterial hypertension — a disease that causes high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs — to replace blockbuster Tracleer.

Tracleer currently makes up 87 percent of sales but loses patent protection in 2015 and has also seen its market share eroded by Gilead’s Letairis.

Pharmacokinetics

Macitentan has an active metabolite, ACT-132577, which is an oxidative depropylation product. Both macitentan and ACT-132577 are mainly excreted in form of hydrolysis products via urine (about 2/3 of all metabolites) and faeces (1/3).[3]

Co-administration of ciclosporin has only a slight effect on the concentrations of macitentan and its active metabolite, whilerifampicin decreases the area under the curve (AUC) of the drug’s blood plasma concentration by 79%, and ketoconazoleapproximately doubles it. This corresponds to the finding that macitentan is mainly metabolised via the liver enzyme CYP3A4.[4]

1. ^ Bolli, M. H.; Boss, C.; Binkert, C.; Buchmann, S.; Bur, D.; Hess, P.; Iglarz, M.; Meyer, S.; Rein, J.; Rey, M.; Treiber, A.; Clozel, M.; Fischli, W.; Weller, T. (2012). “The Discovery of N-[5-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]ethoxy]-4-pyrimidinyl]-N′-propylsulfamide (Macitentan), an Orally Active, Potent Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist”. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 55 (17): 7849–7861. doi:10.1021/jm3009103. PMID 22862294. edit
2. ^ “Macitentan”. Actelion. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
3. ^ Bruderer, S.; Hopfgartner, G. R.; Seiberling, M.; Wank, J.; Sidharta, P. N.; Treiber, A.; Dingemanse, J. (2012). “Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of macitentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, in humans”. Xenobiotica 42 (9): 901–910.doi:10.3109/00498254.2012.664665. PMID 22458347. edit
4. ^ Bruderer, S.; Äänismaa, P. I.; Homery, M. C.; Häusler, S.; Landskroner, K.; Sidharta, P. N.; Treiber, A.; Dingemanse, J. (2011).“Effect of Cyclosporine and Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Macitentan, a Tissue-Targeting Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist”. The AAPS Journal 14 (1): 68–78. doi:10.1208/s12248-011-9316-3. PMC 3282010. PMID 22189899. edit

External links

• Actelion home page

Actelion Ltd

Actelion Ltd is a biopharmaceutical company with its corporate headquarters in Allschwil/Basel, Switzerland. Actelion’s first drug Tracleer®, an orally available dual endothelin receptor antagonist, has been approved as a therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Actelion markets Tracleer through its own subsidiaries in key markets worldwide, including the United States (based in South San Francisco), the European Union, Japan, Canada, Australia and Switzerland. Actelion, founded in late 1997, is a leading player in innovative science related to the endothelium – the single layer of cells separating every blood vessel from the blood stream. Actelion’s over 2,400 employees focus on the discovery, development and marketing of innovative drugs for significant unmet medical needs. Actelion shares are traded on the SIX Swiss Exchange (ticker symbol: ATLN) as part of the Swiss blue-chip index SMI (Swiss Market Index SMI®).

synthesis

Generic Name:Macitentan
Trade Name:Opsumit
Synonym:ACT-064992
Mechanism of Action:Endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA)
Date of Approval: October 18, 2013(US)
Indication: Pulmonary Hypertension (PAH)
Company: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd
CAS number: 441798-33-0
ChemicalName: N-[5-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]ethoxy]-4-pyrimidinyl] -N’-propylsulfamide
PCT patent application: WO2002053557

…

1)Bolli, M. H.; Boss, C.; Binkert, C.; Buchmann, S.; Bur, D.; Hess, P.; Iglarz, M.; Meyer, S.; Rein, J.; Rey, M.; Treiber, A.; Clozel, M.; Fischli, W.; Weller, T. (2012). “The Discovery of N-[5-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]ethoxy]-4-pyrimidinyl]-N′-propylsulfamide (Macitentan), an Orally Active, Potent Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist“. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2012, 55 (17): 7849–7861
2)Martin Bolli, Christoph Boss, Martine Clozel, Walter Fischli, Thomas Weller, Novel sulfamides and their use as endothelin receptor antagonists, WO2002053557 A1, CA2431675A1, CA2431675C, CN1524079A, CN100432070C, DE60118782D1, DE60118782T2, EP1345920A1, EP1345920B1, EP1693372A1, US7094781, US7285549, US20040077670, US20060178365,
3)Martin Bolli, Christoph Boss, Martine Clozel, Walter Fischli, Thomas Weller, Sulfamides as endothelin receptor antagonists for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, WO2006051502
4)Martine Clozel, Therapeutic compositions containing macitentan,WO2010018549 A2, CA2731370A1, CN102099026A, CN102099026B, EP2315587A2, US20110136818

GSK and Genmab seek FDA approval for ofatumumab combination therapy for CLL first-line treatment « New Drug Approvals

GSK and Genmab seek FDA approval for ofatumumab combination therapy for CLL first-line treatment « New Drug Approvals:

'via Blog this'